Análisis psicométrico de versiones cortas del Big Five Inventory en universitarios mexicanos / Psychometric analysis of short versions of the Big Five Inventory in Mexican college students / Análise psicométrica de versões curtas do Big Five Inventory em universitários mexicanos

La personalidad es uno de los constructos centrales de la psicología, no obstante, las escalas extensas pueden dificultar su inclusión en diversos estudios. En este sentido, el objetivo de este estudio fue verificar si las dos versiones breves del Big Five Inventory (BFI, 15p y BFI-10p) presentan evidencias de validez y de confiabilidad en una muestra de 451 estudiantes universitarios mexicanos (57,2% mujeres; Medad = 20,84). El BFI-15p y el BFI-10p fueron analizados mediante un modelo exploratorio de ecuaciones estructurales (método de estimativa, y rotación geomin), y se encontró que el BFI-15p tenía un índice de ajuste satisfactorio y estructura interna coherente, así como asociaciones significativas con una breve medida de inteligencia emocional. Además, los coeficientes y puntuaciones de confiabilidad del constructo fueron adecuados. Se concluye que el BFI-15p presenta propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias para su uso en estudiantes universitarios.(AU)

A personalidade é um dos construtos centrais da psicologia, no entanto, as escalas extensas podem dificultar a sua inclusão em diversos estudos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar se as duas versões breves do Big Five Inventory (BFI-15p e BFI-10p) apresentam evidências de validade e de confiabilidade numa amostra de 451 estudantes universitários mexicanos (57.2% mulheres; Midade = 20.84). O BFI-15p e o BFI-10p foram analisados por meio de um modelo exploratório de equações estruturais (método de estimativa WLSMV e rotação Geomin), e verificou-se que o BFI-15p apresentava índice de ajuste satisfatório e estrutura interna coerente, assim como associações significativas com uma breve medida de inteligência emocional. Além disso, os coeficientes e pontuações de confiabilidade do construto foram adequados. Conclui-se que o BFI-15p apresenta propriedades psicométricas satisfatórias para o uso em estudantes universitários.(AU)

Personality is one of the central constructs of psychology, however, its extensive scales can hinder its inclusion in various studies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify whether the two short versions of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-15p and BFI-10p) present evidence of validity and reliability in a sample of 451 Mexican university students. (57.2% women; Mage = 20.84). The BFI-15p and BFI-10p were analyzed through exploratory structural equation modeling (WLSMV estimation method and geomin rotation), and it was found that the BFI-15p presented a satisfactory fit index and a coherent internal structure, as well as significant associations with a brief measure of emotional intelligence. The construct reliability coefficients and scores were also adequate. It was concluded that the BFI-15p presents satisfactory psychometric properties for use with university students.(AU)

Designing a gamified e-learning environment for teaching undergraduate ERP course based on big five personality traits.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced universities to push the use of distance learning, impacting an unprecedented number of students. New norms of social distancing and lockdown had been brought in as university measures, immediately modifying student and lecturer habits, changing from the traditional classroom to e-learning platforms. However, the lack of engagement of students throughout an e-learning system is a regular concern among lecturers when creating content on a system. This study presents an applied gamification concept to e-learning focusing on improving engagement of the various types of personalities of undergraduate students in ERP courses. The gamification design was developed by implementing the pros and cons of each game element to compromise the overall performance of students. Three evaluations were conducted:1) to test whether the student has competently gained ERP knowledge; 2) web monitor to record the activity of students; 3) to evaluate the qualitative information of the game experience by interviews. According to the study, the selection of a game element based on personality traits does not necessarily improve knowledge but proves to allow better engagement in the course. In addition, our finding also provides the suggestions for designing game elements based on personality traits.

How personality traits affect functional outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis: A scoping review on a poorly understood topic.

Personality is an important variable when explaining individual differences in disease acceptance, coping styles and psychological well-being. Personality changes, such as social inadequacy, disinhibition, apathy, emotional lability, and impulsivity, have been reported in many patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This review sought to assess the role of personality traits in people with MS, focusing on how this may affect the patient's outcome. Studies were identified by searching on PubMed, Web Of Science and Cochrane databases. Our review shows that the personality traits commonly found in MS are often dysfunctional. In particular, it has been suggested that people with MS present with lower levels of conscientiousness, extraversion and agreeableness, as well as higher levels of neuroticism than healthy controls. These personality traits negatively affect cognitive domains, mood, and psychological well-being. As personality may affect the clinical manifestations and disabilities of patients with MS, personality assessment should be an integral part of the management of the disease, in order to achieve better functional outcomes.

Inventario de Personalidad para el DSM-5: propiedades psicométricas en población argentina. Estudio preliminar / Personality Inventory for the DSM-5: Psychometric Properties in Argentine Population. Preliminary Study

Resumen El DSM-5 presenta un modelo dimensional alternativo para los trastornos de personalidad, que incluye rasgos patológicos organizados en cinco grandes áreas: Desapego, Afectividad Negativa, Psicoticismo, Antagonismo y Desinhibición. Para evaluar dicho modelo, se desarrolló el Personality Inventory for DSM-5. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar las propiedades psicométricas de una versión adaptada del instrumento a población argentina. Se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística de 393 sujetos de población general. Se administró la versión adaptada del Personality Inventory for DSM-5 junto con el Listado de Adjetivos para Evaluar Personalidad, una medida de los cinco rasgos del modelo de los Grandes Factores de Personalidad (Amabilidad, Responsabilidad, Extraversión, Neuroticismo y Apertura a la experiencia), equivalentes normales de los rasgos patológicos del modelo alternativo. Los resultados mostraron propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias. La versión argentina del Inventario mostró una estructura de cinco factores similar a la original, con niveles adecuados de consistencia interna e ítems con buenos índices de discriminación. Se observaron diferencias por género y edad. Los hombres puntuaron más alto en Antagonismo, Psicoticismo y Desapego, y las mujeres en Afectividad Negativa. Los jóvenes puntuaron más alto en todas las escalas salvo en Desapego. Por último, se encontraron correlaciones significativas con los cinco factores correspondientes del modelo de los "cinco grandes" (ej., entre Afectividad Negativa y Neuroticismo). Los resultados brindan evidencia preliminar de validez y confiabilidad para la versión local del instrumento, y se espera que sirvan como base para su posterior perfeccionamiento, para ser implementado en tareas clínicas como de investigación.

Abstract The DSM-5 presents an alternative dimensional model for personality disorders, which includes pathological traits organized in five major areas: Detachment, Negative affectivity, Psychoticism, Antagonism and Disinhibition. To evaluate this model, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) was developed. However, it is unknown how the PID-5 would work adapted to our context. On the other hand, the PID-5 suffers from various limitations (e.g., not all facets are represented in the brief version, affecting the construct validity). The objective of this paper was to study the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the PID-5 to the Argentine population. We worked with a non-probabilistic sample of 393 subjects from the general population. The adapted version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 was administered together with the Adjectives Checklist to Assess the Big Five Personality Factors (AEP), a measure of the five traits of Big Five Model, normal equivalents of the pathological traits of the alternative model. The following data analyzes were performed: a) Exploratory Factor Analysis to evaluate the internal structure of PID-5; b) reliability analysis to assess the internal consistency of the different scales of the PID-5; c) item analysis to assess discriminating power; d) bivariate correlation analysis to analyze the relationship between PID-5 scores and the AEP; e) multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) to analyze significant differences due to gender, age, and possible interaction effects. Results indicated satisfactory psychometric properties. The Argentinean version of the PID-5 showed a five-factor structure similar to the original, with adequate levels of internal consistency and good discrimination indices. Regarding gender, men scored higher in Antagonism, Psychoticism and Detachment, and the effect size was significant although weak. On the other hand, women scored higher in negative affectivity, but the differences were not significant. Regarding age, young people presented higher scores than adults at all scales except in Detachment, and the effect size was significant although weak. Finally, significant relationships were found with the five factors of the big five model (e.g., strong and positive correlation between Negative Affectivity and Neuroticism; moderate and negative correlations between Detachment and Extraversion, and between Disinhibition and Conscientiousness). Additionally, other high correlations were found (e.g., between Agreeableness and Detachment; Conscientiousness and Psychoticism; Neuroticism and Disinhibition). These results are in line with those found in previous studies. Finally, moderate correlations were found between PID-5 scales (e.g., Disinhibition and Antagonism; Negative Affectivity and Disinhibition; Psychoticism and Disinhibition; and Detachment and Negative Affectivity). These correlations would imply the existence of some higher order factor that would cover the dimensions of the model. Although the results found are acceptable, this study has some limitations. First, we worked with general population, and in future work it would be important to administer the instrument in clinical samples. Second, the Antagonism scale was left with only 4 items, which may affect the construct validity of the instrument. In this regard, it would be convenient to add new items, not only on this scale, to obtain a final version with an intermediate length between 25 and 220 items of the two versions of the original scale. A version of approximately 60 items may be a good solution, that includes both the different facets of the model as well as time constraints if the instrument is pretended to be used within a diagnostic battery. Beyond these limitations, the present study provides preliminary evidence of validity and reliability for the adapted version of the PID 5, and could be a start point for its deepening and improvement to be implemented in clinical and research tasks.

[Validation of the French version of the 10-item Big Five Inventory]. / Validation française du Big Five Inventory à 10 items (BFI-10).

OBJECTIVE: Our primary objective was to validate the French version of the BFI-10, an ultra-short ten-item version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI; John et al., 1991), which allows for a reasonably accurate assessment of personality in circumstances in which more in-depth assessment is not possible. In order to reach a thorough evaluation of the external validity, we also aimed to examine the bandwidth of the BFI-10 scales with reference to the study by De Young, Quilty and Peterson (2007) who distinguished between two aspects in each of the Big Five: Assertiveness and Enthusiasm for Extraversion; Compassion and Politeness for Agreeability; Orderliness and Productiveness for Conscientiousness; Withdrawal and Volatility for Negative Emotionality, and finally Openness to Aesthetics and Openness to Ideas for Open-Mindedness. Our concern with regard to bandwidth was to examine whether the BFI-10 scales have strong enough correlations with both aspects of each domain. METHODS: Participants. Data from four samples were analysed: Sample 1 comprised 2499 undergraduate students (1654 women) who completed the full BFI in university classes; Sample 2 comprised 13,306 participants (8471 women) who filled out the BFI-10 ten items online via Internet; Sample 3 comprised 143 undergraduate students (115 women) who completed the full BFI twice with a two-week interval; Sample 4 comprised 360 undergraduate students (183 women) who filled out the BFI and NEO PI-R. INSTRUMENTS: The French version of the Big Five Inventory is a 45-item inventory, which measures the five broader domains of personality. The ultrashort Ten-item Big Five Inventory (BFI-10) was developed simultaneously in German and English by Rammstedt and John (2007); it comprises five two-item scales measuring the big five domains. The Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Personality Inventory Revised (NEO PI-R; Costa et McCrae, 1992) is a 240-item questionnaire which assesses the big five domains and 30 lower-order facets, i.e. six facets per domain. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Factor structure and reliability of the five two-item scales were first investigated on samples 1 and 3. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were conducted on samples 1 and 2, and discriminant validity was assessed via comparison with the NEO PI-R (sample 4). In order to examine the bandwidth of the BFI-10 two-item scales, we studied their correlation not only with the NEO PI-R domains but also with the 30 facets. RESULTS: The CFAs showed the good fit of the five-factor structure, with RMSEA=.077 (.072), CFI=.974 (.956), and SRMR=.029 (.027) in samples 1 and 2 respectively. Multigroup CFA conducted in groups 1 and 2 showed invariance across gender of factor loadings and item intercepts. Test-retest reliability was satisfactory with rs ranging from .68 (Open-Mindedness) to .86 (Extraversion and Negative Emotionality). The comparison of the two-item scales with the NEO PI-R scales showed high correlations not only with the NEO domain scales, but also with several facets: Four BFI-10 two-item scales (Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Negative Emotionality, and Open-Mindedness) were highly correlated with at least three of the six NEO facet scales in each domain. For Agreeableness, the magnitude of correlations was smaller, but the pattern of correlations was the same. All BFI-10 scales had at least moderate correlations with both aspects of each domain, with the exception of Negative Emotionality, which measured the NEO Withdrawal aspect better than Volatility. CONCLUSION: The French version of the BFI-10 demonstrated the expected five-factor structure, satisfactory reliability, and broad bandwidth. It could be a valuable tool for the assessment of personality in circumstances in which it is not possible to use a longer and more in-depth instrument, especially when personality is not the main focus of research but one of the variables to be controlled.

Inventario IPIP-NEO: Estabilidad y Validez de Estructura Interna, Convergente y Concurrente en Muestras Argentinas / IPIP-NEO Inventory: Stability and Internal Structure, Convergent and Concurrent Validity in Argentinean Samples

Resumen Las principales herramientas de evaluación de la personalidad se construyeron a partir de las bases teóricas del modelo de los Cinco Factores. Particularmente, en Argentina, el IPIP-NEO es uno de los instrumentos, basados en este modelo, que presenta resultados satisfactorios en los estudios de consistencia interna (confiabilidad) y de validez mediante evidencia de estructura interna (análisis factorial exploratorio). El objetivo de este trabajo fue aportar nuevos estudios psicométricos a la escala utilizando una muestra heterogénea de argentinos (N = 499). Se estimó la estabilidad temporal de las puntuaciones a través del método test-retest y se realizó un estudio de validez de estructura interna mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio. Por otro lado, se aportó validez externa a través de estudios de convergencia, estudios de contraste de grupos divididos por sexo y edad, y un análisis test criterio mediante regresión múltiple con actividades recreativas. Los resultados sugieren que las puntuaciones que del IPIP-NEO son estables, con adecuados índices de confiabilidad y evidencias de validez externa, lo que indica que puede ser utilizado en muestras argentinas. Se planifica la elaboración de un baremo local y nuevos estudios de validez externa con implicancias clínicas y laborales.

Abstract The main personality assessment tools were built on the theoretical basis of the Five Factors model. Particularly, in Argentina, IPIP-NEO is one of the instruments, based on this model, that presents satisfactory results in the studies of internal consistency (reliability) and validity through evidence of internal structure (exploratory factor analysis). The aim of this work was to contribute new psychometric studies to the scale using a heterogeneous sample of Argentinean (N = 499). The temporal stability of the scores was estimated through the test-retest method and an internal structure validity study was performed by confirmatory factor analysis. On the other hand, external validity was provided through convergence studies, contrast studies of groups divided by sex and age, and a test criterion analysis through multiple regression with recreational activities. The results suggest that the IPIP-NEO scores are stable, with adequate reliability indices and evidence of external validity, indicating that it can be used in Argentine samples. The development of a local scale and new studies of external validity with clinical and labor implications are planned.

Bringing Personality Into the Public Health Conversation: Evidence From a Correctional Population.

Incarceration provides an opportunity for public health interventions, but communication and the delivery of services are complicated by considerable variability even within this generally high-needs population. Public health practitioners have relied heavily on social determinants of health data in their work, but this does not fully explain key patterns in responses and success. Psychometric work related to the "big five" or "five-factor" personality domains may provide important additional guidance to health communications and interventions. The Contraceptive Awareness and Reproductive Education clinical trial provided health risk factor and personality data on 257 incarcerated women aged 18-35. Of the study population, 85.9% reported at least one of the five forms of childhood trauma. Three of the five personality domains were associated with multiple health risk factors and four of the five were associated with fair or poor general health. Personality data provide important guidance in understanding variability in responses to public health interventions in the correctional setting.

Ítem único de autoeficacia académica: evidencias adicionales de validez con el modelo Big Five en estudiantes universitarios / Single item academic self-efficacy: Further Validity Evidences with Big Five Model in College Students / Item único de autoeficácia acadêmica: evidências adicionais de validade com o modelo dos cinco grandes fatores

El objetivo fue verificar si el ítem único de autoeficacia académica (IUAA) presenta validez convergente por su relación con los cinco grandes factores de personalidad (5GF) en 450 estudiantes universitarios (61.1% mujeres; Medad = 20.9; DEedad = 2.6) de una universidad privada de Chiclayo (Perú). Además del IUAA, fue empleado el Big Five Inventory-15p para evaluar los 5GF mediante 15 ítems (tres ítems por factor). Las hipótesis de investigación fueron contrastadas utilizado el ANOVA de una vía, agrupando a los estudiantes según su respuesta en el IUAA. Los resultados indican que el rasgo con mayores diferencias entre los grupos fue responsabilidad, seguido por apertura y extraversión. Además, los grupos no difieren sustancialmente en los rasgos afabilidad y neuroticismo. Pese a las limitaciones, el IUAA es una medida apropiada para valorar la autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios. (AU)

The aim of the study was to evaluate if the academic self-efficacy single-item (IUAA) has convergent validity by its relationship with the Big Five personality traits (5BF) in 450 university students (61.1% female; Mage = 20.9; SDage = 2.6) from a private college in Chiclayo (Peru). Besides the IUAA, we used the Big Five Inventory-15p (BFI-Sp) to assess the 5BF with 15 items (three items per factor). The research hypothesis was tested using a one-way ANOVA, with students' grouping according to their IUAA response. The results show conscientiousness as the trait with higher differences between groups, followed by openness and extraversion. Additionally, the groups do not differ substantially in agreeableness or neuroticism. Despite the limitations, the IUAA is an appropriate measure to assess academic self-efficacy in college students. (AU)

O objetivo foi verificar se o item único de autoeficácia acadêmica (IUAA) possui validade convergente devido à relação com os cinco grandes fatores de personalidade (5GF) em 450 universitários (61,1% mulheres, Midade = 20,9, DPidade = 2,6) de uma universidade privada de Chiclayo (Perú). Além do IUAA, o Inventário Big Five -15p foi utilizando para avaliar o 5GF com 15 itens (três itens por fator). As hipóteses de pesquisa foram contrastadas usando o one-way ANOVA, agrupando os alunos de acordo com a resposta deles no IUAA. Os resultados indicam que o traço com maiores diferenças entre os grupos foram responsabilidade, seguida de abertura e extroversão. Além disso, os grupos não diferem substancialmente em características de agradabilidade e neuroticismo. Apesar das limitações, o IUAA é uma medida apropriada para avaliar a autoeficácia acadêmica em estudantes universitários. (AU)

Escala de instabilidade emocional para a segurança pública / Scale to measure emotional instability for public safety / Escala de inestabilidad emocional para la seguridad pública

O presente trabalho expõe a construção e apresentação de evidências de validade de um instrumento de medida de instabilidade emocional para uso na área da segurança pública. Para tal, foram realizados dois estudos com amostras de profissionais de segurança pública do estado do Rio de Janeiro. O primeiro estudo apresentou evidências de validade baseadas no conteúdo. No segundo, a análise da estrutura interna apontou a existência de um fator e de quatro facetas denominados, respectivamente, instabilidade emocional, depressão, ansiedade, controle emocional e irritabilidade. A análise da consistência, por meio do alfa de Cronbach, evidenciou bons índices de precisão. A avaliação de convergência, realizada com o teste EFN, possibilitou observar correlações fortes entre os fatores gerais de ambas as escalas. Tais dados apontam evidências de validade para a nova medida e abrem caminho para novas pesquisas que tenham como foco a interface da psicologia com a segurança pública.(AU)

This work presents the construction and conveyance of validity evidence of an emotional instability measurement instrument to be used in the public safety sector. For this purpose, two studies were performed with subjected public safety professionals of the State of Rio de Janeiro. The first study presented valid evidence based on content. In the second study, the analysis of the internal structure appointed the existence of one factor and four facets, respectively named emotional instability, depression, anxiety, emotional control and irritability. The consistency analysis, using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, has shown evidence of good accuracy rates. The convergence evaluation, performed with the EFN (Factorial Neuroticism Scale), has allowed observation of strong correlations between the general factors of both scales. Such information provides valid evidence for the new scale, and opens new research paths which focus on psychological interface with public safety.(AU)

Esta investigación expone la construcción y la presentación de evidencias de validez de un instrumento de medida de inestabilidad emocional para utilización en el área de la seguridad pública. Para ello fueron realizados dos estudios con muestras de profesionales de seguridad pública de Río de Janeiro-Brasil. El primer estudio presentó evidencias de validez basadas en el contenido. En el segundo, el análisis de la estructura interna apuntó la existencia de un factor y de cuatro facetas denominadas respectivamente inestabilidad emocional, depresión, ansiedad, control emocional e irritabilidad. El análisis de la consistencia, por medio del alfa de Cronbach, evidenció buenos índices de precisión. La evaluación de convergencia, realizada con la prueba EFN, permitió observar fuertes correlaciones entre los factores generales de ambas escalas. Estos datos muestran evidencias de validez para la nueva medida y abren el camino hacia nuevas investigaciones que tengan como tema la interfaz de la psicología con la seguridad pública.(AU)

Escala de instabilidade emocional para a segurança pública / Scale to measure emotional instability for public safety / Escala de inestabilidad emocional para la seguridad pública

O presente trabalho expõe a construção e apresentação de evidências de validade de um instrumento de medida de instabilidade emocional para uso na área da segurança pública. Para tal, foram realizados dois estudos com amostras de profissionais de segurança pública do estado do Rio de Janeiro. O primeiro estudo apresentou evidências de validade baseadas no conteúdo. No segundo, a análise da estrutura interna apontou a existência de um fator e de quatro facetas denominados, respectivamente, instabilidade emocional, depressão, ansiedade, controle emocional e irritabilidade. A análise da consistência, por meio do alfa de Cronbach, evidenciou bons índices de precisão. A avaliação de convergência, realizada com o teste EFN, possibilitou observar correlações fortes entre os fatores gerais de ambas as escalas. Tais dados apontam evidências de validade para a nova medida e abrem caminho para novas pesquisas que tenham como foco a interface da psicologia com a segurança pública...

This work presents the construction and conveyance of validity evidence of an emotional instability measurement instrument to be used in the public safety sector. For this purpose, two studies were performed with subjected public safety professionals of the State of Rio de Janeiro. The first study presented valid evidence based on content. In the second study, the analysis of the internal structure appointed the existence of one factor and four facets, respectively named emotional instability, depression, anxiety, emotional control and irritability. The consistency analysis, using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, has shown evidence of good accuracy rates. The convergence evaluation, performed with the EFN (Factorial Neuroticism Scale), has allowed observation of strong correlations between the general factors of both scales. Such information provides valid evidence for the new scale, and opens new research paths which focus on psychological interface with public safety...

Esta investigación expone la construcción y la presentación de evidencias de validez de un instrumento de medida de inestabilidad emocional para utilización en el área de la seguridad pública. Para ello fueron realizados dos estudios con muestras de profesionales de seguridad pública de Río de Janeiro-Brasil. El primer estudio presentó evidencias de validez basadas en el contenido. En el segundo, el análisis de la estructura interna apuntó la existencia de un factor y de cuatro facetas denominadas respectivamente inestabilidad emocional, depresión, ansiedad, control emocional e irritabilidad. El análisis de la consistencia, por medio del alfa de Cronbach, evidenció buenos índices de precisión. La evaluación de convergencia, realizada con la prueba EFN, permitió observar fuertes correlaciones entre los factores generales de ambas escalas. Estos datos muestran evidencias de validez para la nueva medida y abren el camino hacia nuevas investigaciones que tengan como tema la interfaz de la psicología con la seguridad pública...

Construção e validação da escala fatorial de Socialização no modelo dos Cinco Grandes Fatores de Personalidade / Development and validation of an Agreeableness scale in the Big Five personality model

O presente estudo visou a construção e validação de construto de uma escala para a mensuração de Socialização no modelo dos Cinco Grandes Fatores de Personalidade. Neste Modelo, Socialização é uma dimensão da personalidade que agrupa traços como altruísmo, franqueza, confiança nas pessoas, bem como frieza, falta de empatia, comportamentos antisociais, etc. Os participantes deste estudo foram 1.100 pessoas de cinco estados brasileiros, de ambos os sexos, com nível de escolarização médio ou superior. Foram realizadas análises fatoriais para a verificação da dimensionalidade da EFS, sendo que a solução de três fatores foi considerada mais adequada. Os fatores extraídos foram denominados Amabilidade, Pró-sociabilidade e Confiança nas pessoas. A consistência interna dessas escalas (calculada por Alpha de Cronbach) foi de 0,91; 0,84 e 0,80 respectivamente, e da escala geral 0,92.

The present study was designed to develop and assess construct validity of an Agreeableness scale (Escala Fatorial de Socialização - EFS) in the Big Five model. In this model, Agreeableness is comprised by traits that describe altruism, straightforwardness, trust in people, as well as coldness, antisocial behaviors, among others. The participants were 1.100 individuals, from five States in Brazil, of both sexes, with high school or university level of education. Factor analyses were conducted to determine the EFS dimensions. A 3-factor solution was found to be more adequate. The factors found were named: Cordiality, Pro-sociability, and Trust in people. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alphas) for the factors were .91, .84, and .80 respectively, and .92 for the general scale.